This essay examines the formation of a public sphere in mid-eighteenth-century Philadelphia through the case study of the founding of the Academy of Philadelphia circa 1750. The Academy was founded as a voluntary association by a new generation of non-Quaker merchants and professionals who appeared in the city in the 1720s. Embracing the culture of commerce, they cultivated sociability through forming clubs and associations in urban space. Against the Quaker public sphere, which had dominated public discourse in colonial Pennsylvania since its inception, non-Quaker elites created their own public sphere by combining associational culture and print culture under the leadership of the printer Benjamin Franklin. Unlike the Quakers’ vernacular public sphere that employed the language of civil Quakerism, which emphasized a legacy of toleration, diversity, and liberty, the newly emerged public sphere in the city used the language of commerce and empire, which was secular, polite and cosmopolitan in its nature. The educational ideal of the Academy shows the founders’ vision of ideal public order in a prospered colonial city on the eve of the American Revolution. This enlightened public sphere was an urban and cosmopolitan phenomenon, and should be distinguished from plebeian public spheres in taverns and streets and democratic public spheres that Tocqueville observed in Antebellum America.
内容記述
論文
Articles
雑誌名
アメリカ太平洋研究 = Pacific and American studies
巻
15
ページ
218 - 234
発行年
2015-03
ISSN
13462989
書誌レコードID
AA11562201
出版者
東京大学大学院総合文化研究科附属グローバル地域研究機構アメリカ太平洋地域研究センター
出版者別名
Center for Pacific and American Studies, Institute for Advanced Global Studies, The University of Tokyo
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フィラデルフィア・アカデミーの創設 : 一八世紀植民地都市における公共性の生成に関する一考察
pas015016.pdf
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