While word-final ∗–n was lost after ∗–ō in Proto–Indo–European (e.g. Ved. rā́ jā ‘king’ < rājan–), –ν is restored in Greek (e.g. τέκτων ‘carpenter’). Since final ∗–m becomes –ν in Greek, δῶ ‘house’ < ∗dom– must become ∗δων, why –ν is not restored in δῶ? The following explanation would be most plausible: (1) word–final nasals are lost after ∗–ō; (2) the Law of Stang (e.g. ∗di̯ éu̯ – ̥m > ∗di̯ émm > ∗di̯ ḗm, cf. Ζῆν(α) ‘Zeus’) is operated, and the developments of ∗dh(e)g̑ hom–m > ∗dh(e)g̑ hōm (cf. χθών ‘earth’) and ∗ ̑ghéi̯ –om–m > ∗ ̑ghéi̯ ōm (cf. χιών ‘snow’) take place; (3) in Greek, final –ν of nom. sg. of –ον–stem noun is restored after the analogy of other cases (e.g. ∗τεκτω >> τέκτων, cf. e.g. τέκτονος [gen.]) and accusative singulars of χθών and χιών end in –όνα to distinguish between nom. and acc. forms; in contrast, ∗–n of a neuter noun ∗dṓ ‘house’ is not restored with analogy, because the nom. sg. and the acc. sg. are both ∗ dṓ , and because due to its irregular declension derived δῶμα ‘house’ is already used frequently; and (4) ∗dṓ is petrified in epic poetry and bears a circumflex accent δῶ with analogy of δῶμα.
雑誌名
東京大学西洋古典学研究室紀要
巻
9
ページ
73 - 83
発行年
2015-12
書誌レコードID
AA1281090X
著者版フラグ
publisher
出版者
東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科西洋古典学研究室
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δῶ「家」と-ον-幹名詞の単数主格形
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