{"created":"2021-03-01T06:43:13.843087+00:00","id":25284,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"9ca8d682-0016-41a6-8d63-74debe8c9261"},"_deposit":{"id":"25284","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"25284"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00025284","sets":["27:2466:2467:2509","9:504:2469:2510"]},"item_4_alternative_title_1":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"Why Have School Forests Remained in Minamioguni Town, Kumamoto Prefecture?"}]},"item_4_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2006","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"22","bibliographicPageStart":"1","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"116","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"東京大学農学部演習林報告"}]}]},"item_4_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"昨今，学校林は環境教育の場として注目されているが，学校のための財産として利用，管理し続けられているものも国内各地に依然として残されており，環境教育の場として学校林を活用する際にもそのような財産としての学校林を守り続けた地域社会からの知見が求められている。そこで，本稿では明治期に設置され現在まで存続してきた，南小国町における学校林を事例としてとりあげ，1）村落構造，2）管理組織，3）伐採収益，の3 点からその存続要因を探ることを目的とした。明治の町村制以来，町の村落構造は変化していない。すなわち，まず共同する内容に応じて集落をまとめる部落，牧野組合，造林組合が最小単位にあり，次の単位として校区があり（市原ではその間に班がある），これが市原，中原では大字と一致し，満願寺，星和，黒川では3校区が一つの大字に包含されている。これらすべてをまとめる役割を町が担うという構造が続いてきた。主として明治末期から大正初期にかけて部落の篤志家が寄付した原野に樹栽することで設置された学校林は，町（当時は村）に所有名義を変え，学校ごとに組織される後援会により管理・経営され，校舎建築をはじめ様々な学校施設や学用品購入の資金を産み出し続けてきた。学校林は，名義上は町によって所有されているものの，実質的には後援会によりすべての権限が掌握されている。後援会は，校区内の部落代表者によって組織される校区全戸加入の組織であり，部落と町をつなぐ役割をもつ。したがって，校区には，校区民総出で行われてきた学校林の管理• 経営を通じて単なる通学区域では生じえない紐帯が築かれている。このような学校林の存続要因として，1）部落，校区，町による三重の村落構造が明治期より現在に至るまで変化することなく維持されたこと，2）学校林のために財産を寄付した篤志家を中心に校区全戸による管理組織である後援会が歴史的に形成され，部落からの意見を反映した管理・経営の主体として維持されたこと，3）大径木の間伐による定期的な伐採収益を元に，学校やPTAの要望に沿った助成金が毎年支弁されたこと，が挙げられる。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"Nowadays, school forests in Japan are much more important as a field of environmental education. Many school forests, however, were originally established during and after the Meiji period (1868-1912) for the purposes of raising funds for financing school expenses. Such school forests were found in Minamioguni, Kumamoto Pref. This paper intends to examine why such school forests have remained in Minamioguni, paying attention to 1) community structure, 2) forest management groups, and 3) the earnings from forests.　From the late Meiji to the early Taisho periods (1912-1926), school forests in Minamioguni were established as a donation to the community, mainly by those in power locally. School districts consisted of a number of communities. Therefore there are more than 10 school forests for each school. Earnings from school forests made it possible not only to purchase school supplies such as like text books, uniforms etc., but also to build schoolhouses, swimming pools and gymnasia. Though the formal proprietor of school forests is the administrative town of Minamioguni, the people in the community think of school forests as their own property and, in fact, they are free to manage them as they wish.　In conclusion, school forests in Minamioguni have remained because 1) the community structure in relation to the administrative town unit and school districts has not changed since theMeiji period, 2) forest management groups named “Koenkai”, which were established for each school, made it possible to manage school forests","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_4_full_name_3":{"attribute_name":"著者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53776","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}],"names":[{"name":"TAKEMOTO, Taro"}]}]},"item_4_publisher_20":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科附属演習林"}]},"item_4_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00162451","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_4_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"03716007","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_4_subject_15":{"attribute_name":"日本十進分類法","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"610","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_4_text_21":{"attribute_name":"出版者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"The Tokyo University Forests"}]},"item_4_text_4":{"attribute_name":"著者所属","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科森林科学専攻林政学研究室"},{"subitem_text_value":"Lab. of Forest Policy, Department of Forest Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"竹本, 太郎"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53775","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2017-06-09"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"esrh116001.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"979.0 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"esrh116001.pdf","url":"https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/25284/files/esrh116001.pdf"},"version_id":"5d922c6c-f916-4392-adc2-6a7699f4afc0"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"学校林","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"基本財産","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"小学校区","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"村落構造","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"管理組織","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"School forests","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Property","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"School district","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Community","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Forest management group","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"熊本県南小国町における学校林の存続要因","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"熊本県南小国町における学校林の存続要因"}]},"item_type_id":"4","owner":"1","path":["2510","2509"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2012-07-17"},"publish_date":"2012-07-17","publish_status":"0","recid":"25284","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["熊本県南小国町における学校林の存続要因"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":null},"updated":"2022-12-19T04:00:26.975516+00:00"}