{"created":"2021-03-01T06:43:14.357230+00:00","id":25292,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"6c04863f-6431-48e6-819c-9fd877a1ac74"},"_deposit":{"id":"25292","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"25292"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00025292","sets":["27:2466:2467:2511","9:504:2469:2512"]},"item_4_alternative_title_1":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"風化花崗岩上に成立した森林流域からの土壌表層侵食 : GISに依拠したUSLE式による予測値と観測値の比較―"}]},"item_4_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2006","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"36","bibliographicPageStart":"1","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"115","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"東京大学農学部演習林報告"}]}]},"item_4_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"We investigated soil loss in a forested watershed underlain by weathered granite to validate a method for estimating soil loss in mountainous regions based on parameter limitations and characteristics. For this purpose, we measured soil loss at the outlets of two small, paired catchments (North Valley, 0.44 ha; South Valley, 0.48 ha) and observed the total load of a large watershed (Shirasaka Watershed, 88.6 ha) at a reservoir from August 2001 to July 2005. The study sites were located in the University Forest in Aichi, the University of Tokyo. Soil loss was predicted using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and a drainage network calculation with a 10 × 10-m grid in a digital elevation model (DEM). The results were depicted using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The observed soil loss was 0.498 and 0.742 ton ha-1 yr-1 in the North and South Valleys, respectively. These values were small because of the weakening effect on raindrop energy of the thick litter layer and high crown coverage of the forest. Moreover, the small proportion of fine sediments, such as clay and silt, in the total soil materials also contributed to the low soil loss. The predicted values of soil loss showed a satisfactory goodness of fit to the observed values. Based on these results and information on the drainage network, we applied the same parameters of the USLE to the Shirasaka Watershed and calculated an average soil loss of 0.940 ton ha-1 yr-1 over 4 years. High soil loss was evident on the lower parts of slopes, on concave slopes, and in the foothills just before the depositional area because of the effects of highly accumulated surface runoff. A comparison of observed total sediment yield in the reservoir (3.69 ton ha-1 yr-1) and predicted soil loss from the Shirasaka Watershed indicated that the ratio of soil loss to total sediment yield was about 25%; the remainder was attributed to other types of mass movement.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"風化花崗岩上に成立した森林流域からの土壌表層侵食の特性とそれを表現するモデルのパラメータとを検討した。調査地は，東京大学愛知演習林の白坂試験流域88.6 ha とその内部の北谷0.44 ha と南谷0.48 ha であり，調査期間は，2001 年8 月から2005 年7 月までである。土壌表層侵食は，DEMを用いて一辺10 m の正方形に区分した格子点から形成される流路網を特定し，これにUSLE式を応用した後，GIS によりその空間分布を表現した。観測された土壌表層侵食量は，北谷で0.498 ton ha-1 yr-1 であり，南谷で0.742 ton ha-1 yr-1 であった。この低い値は，一つには雨滴のエネルギーに対して樹冠や落葉層による緩衝が要因だが，他方では微細な粒径の堆積物即ち粘土やシルトの占める比率が全侵食量に対して小さかったこともその要因である。予測値は観測値に対して満足のいく結果を示した。この結果を踏まえ，同一のパラメータと流路網の情報を用いて白坂試験流域へ拡張したところ，0.940 ton ha-1 yr-1 が計算された。空間分布でみると，高い土壌表層侵食は山腹（集水域のうちモデルが表現できる上限を超えない範囲で）の下端や凹面形状の斜面あるいは（勾配が緩くなり）堆積が発生する直前の山腹の基部に見られ，表面流出が集積する効果と見られた。白坂試験流域の貯水池で観測された全流出土砂量の観測結果(3.69 ton ha-1 yr-1) に占める推定値である土壌表層侵食量の比率は，25％程度となり，残りの75％は，土壌表層侵食とは別のマスムーブメントに起因していると結論付けられた。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_4_full_name_3":{"attribute_name":"著者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53817","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}],"names":[{"name":"カルキ, クリシュナ.バハドゥール"}]},{"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53818","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}],"names":[{"name":"芝野, 博文"}]}]},"item_4_publisher_20":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科附属演習林"}]},"item_4_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00162451","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_4_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"03716007","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_4_subject_15":{"attribute_name":"日本十進分類法","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"610","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_4_text_21":{"attribute_name":"出版者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"The Tokyo University Forests"}]},"item_4_text_4":{"attribute_name":"著者所属","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"District Soil Conservation Office, Department of Soil and Watershed Management, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Government of NepalDepartment of Ecosystem Study, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo"},{"subitem_text_value":"University Forest in Aichi, University Forests, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo"},{"subitem_text_value":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科生圏システム学専攻"},{"subitem_text_value":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科附属演習林愛知演習林"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"KARKI, Krishna Bahadur"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53815","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"SHIBANO, Hirofumi"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53816","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2017-06-09"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"esrh115001.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"916.8 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"esrh115001.pdf","url":"https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/25292/files/esrh115001.pdf"},"version_id":"13d7d497-0358-4f43-824b-91ed72c1e300"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"Drainage Network","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Forested Watershed","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Universal Soil Loss Equation","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Weathered Granite","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"流路網","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"森林流域","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"USLE","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"風化花崗岩","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Soil loss in a forested watershed underlain by deeply weathered granite: comparison of observations to predictions of a GIS-based USLE","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Soil loss in a forested watershed underlain by deeply weathered granite: comparison of observations to predictions of a GIS-based USLE"}]},"item_type_id":"4","owner":"1","path":["2512","2511"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2012-07-17"},"publish_date":"2012-07-17","publish_status":"0","recid":"25292","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Soil loss in a forested watershed underlain by deeply weathered granite: comparison of observations to predictions of a GIS-based USLE"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":null},"updated":"2022-12-19T04:03:36.733413+00:00"}