{"created":"2021-03-01T06:43:15.282020+00:00","id":25306,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"a6c92064-0c29-4d4c-8b90-5095ffc0c283"},"_deposit":{"id":"25306","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"25306"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00025306","sets":["27:2466:2467:2515","9:504:2469:2516"]},"item_4_alternative_title_1":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"Socioeconomic Discussion on Public Participation to forest management through the Activities of Forest Volunteer Organizations"}]},"item_4_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2005","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"196","bibliographicPageStart":"155","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"113","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"東京大学農学部演習林報告"}]}]},"item_4_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"本稿では，文献調査とアンケート調査によって森林ボランティア団体の活動の背景と活動実態を明らかにするとともに，森林ボランティア団体の活動が地域住民の森林管理・利用に対するニーズを反映しうるかどうか，また住民参加に果たす意義は何であるかについて考察した。まず，文献調査の結果から，森林ボランティア団体の活動は，それぞれの地域社会が抱える社会問題や森林事情を背景としていることがわかった。具体的には，都市の宅地開発に伴う森林消失，過疎化の進む農山村部では人手不足による森林管理上の困難，さらに河川上流部における森林伐採による水資源の枯渇・汚染などが挙げられた。一方，全国各地の森林ボランティア団体を対象に行ったアンケート調査では，森林ボランティア団体が活動を始めたきっかけ，活動頻度や活動内容，団体の意志決定方法，資金や道具の調達方法，地域住民との関係について分析した。調査結果から，まず森林ボランティア団体を「活動地域」（「都市部」，「農山村部」，「流域」，「広域」の4 つが主）と「組織形態」（「NPO」，「営利組織」，「準NPO・行政系の団体」，「パートナーシップ団体」の４つ）の２つの観点から分類して検討を行った。「活動地域」に関する分析から，森林ボランティア団体の活動は，多くの場合，森林教育を含めた森林の管理・利用に対する地域社会のニーズと深く関わっているが，いくつかの団体では，地域社会の構成員でない市民の要求から森林ボランティア活動が行われていることがわかった。地域住民の参加などに関する回答から，森林ボランティア団体が地域社会にとって外部の存在により主導されているケースでは，地域住民を団体の活動に取り込むことがより困難であると考えられた。一方，「組織形態」に関する分析から，森林ボランティア団体には地域住民や市民が主導して設立された「草の根的な団体」と，市町村や都道府県などが主導して設立された「トップダウン方式の団体」とがあるとわかった。しかし，行政主導で設立された団体においても，組織運営に住民や市民を参加させるなどの方法によって徐々に団体運営のリーダーシップを地域住民や市民に移行させる努力がみられた。以上の結果を踏まえて，森林ボランティア団体が持つ社会経済学的な意義について，①団体の地域性や活動する森林の公共財としての性格，②団体運営や森林管理・利用におけるリーダーシップ，③団体が住民参加に果たす役割と課題の3 点から総合的に考察した。そして，活動地域やリーダーシップの違いはあるものの，森林ボランティア団体は住民参加に重要な役割を果たしているが，幅広い地域住民の参加や協力を得られないことがあり，今後団体が活動を継続していくためには，地域社会の関係者との相互理解やパートナーシップの形成が必要であると結論した。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"Forest Volunteer Organizations (FVOs) consider to play an important role in participatory forest management in the local community, but its social significance seems to be different from the one which has a different social and historical background. This report aims (1) to know the relationship between FVOs’ activities and social demand for forest management that local people have, and (2) to make a socioeconomic discussion on FVOs’ role in public participation to local forest management.At first, through reviewing some reports that other researcher made, it is suggested that FVOs (mostly established in 1990s) were organized to solve the characteristic problem on forest conservation and management that local communities (both in suburban areas and in rural areas) have faced since 1960s, such as the deforestation caused by urbanization, the difficulty of forest management in mountain areas, where the population has decreased year by year, and the water pollution resulted from deforestation.Second, I did a questionnaire in 2001 from 156 FVOs which contribute to forest management mainly in Japan. Motivations that FVOs started their activities, the details on their activities, the decision making system, the finance of FVOs, and the relationship between FVOs’ activities and local people were analyzed. Through this research, I made two types of category on FVOs. One is an ‘activity area type’, which chiefly consists of (1) urban and suburban area, (2) rural area, (3) watershed, and (4) large region. The other is an ‘organization type’, which consists of (1) NPO (Non Profit organization), (2) PO (Profit Organization), (3) Quasi-NPO or governmental organization, and (4) Partnership organization.The analysis on the ‘activity area type’ showed that FVOs’ activities highly related to the social demand for forest management and use ( including an educational one ) that each local community has, but some FVOs are based not on local residents’ demand but on that of citizens who are not the members of the local community. Questionnaire answers suggest that it is more difficult for FVOs to involve local people in their activities when the leadership of FVOs belongs to an outsider of the local community.According to the analysis on the ‘organization type’, there are two main pattern of establishing FVOs. One is a ‘grass-roots type’ that local residents and citizens lead to establish FVOs, the other is a ‘top-down type’ that local or regional government such as prefecture takes the leadership. However, some effort was done by governmental organizations in order to remove the leadership gradually to local residents and citizens by giving them opportunities to join the decision making process and the management itself.Through these results, I discussed on socioeconomic significance that FVOs have from three points. (1)The social background and characteristics of forest as public goods, (2)the stakeholder who leads FVOs and forest management in the local community, (3)the role FVOs play in public participation to forest management and the problem to be overcome. Finally, I got a conclusion that FVOs play an important role in public participation and public involvement to forest management, even if its activity area and leadership are various. However, it’s also true that it sometimes becomes difficult for FVOs to gain participants and cooperation from local people. Mutual understanding and partnership is necessary so that FVOs can sustain their activities.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_4_full_name_3":{"attribute_name":"著者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53917","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}],"names":[{"name":"AKIHIRO, Takae"}]}]},"item_4_publisher_20":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科附属演習林"}]},"item_4_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00162451","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_4_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"03716007","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_4_subject_15":{"attribute_name":"日本十進分類法","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"610","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_4_text_21":{"attribute_name":"出版者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"The Tokyo University Forests"}]},"item_4_text_4":{"attribute_name":"著者所属","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科森林科学専攻"},{"subitem_text_value":"Department of Forest Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo."}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"秋廣, 敬恵"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"53916","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2017-06-09"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"esrh113005.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"3.1 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"esrh113005.pdf","url":"https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/25306/files/esrh113005.pdf"},"version_id":"33529d72-af24-41b9-b808-544161b3565a"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"森林ボランティア団体","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"住民参加","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"活動地域","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"組織形態","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"リーダーシップ","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"Forest Volunteer Organization (FVO)","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"public participation","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"activity area type","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"organization type","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"leadership","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"森林ボランティア団体の活動実態と森林管理・利用への「住民参加」に関する社会経済学的考察","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"森林ボランティア団体の活動実態と森林管理・利用への「住民参加」に関する社会経済学的考察"}]},"item_type_id":"4","owner":"1","path":["2516","2515"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2012-07-17"},"publish_date":"2012-07-17","publish_status":"0","recid":"25306","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["森林ボランティア団体の活動実態と森林管理・利用への「住民参加」に関する社会経済学的考察"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":null},"updated":"2022-12-19T04:00:42.699421+00:00"}