{"created":"2021-03-01T06:43:35.063609+00:00","id":25609,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"6f333cde-08c2-47ae-9b60-7eaaf8d5ab4c"},"_deposit":{"id":"25609","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"25609"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00025609","sets":["27:2466:2467:2595","9:504:2469:2596"]},"item_4_alternative_title_1":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"モミジニタイケアブラムシ（Periphyllus californiensis ＳHINJI ； Hom， Aphididae)個体群密度の季節的変化"}]},"item_4_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1984","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicPageEnd":"113","bibliographicPageStart":"97","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"73","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"東京大学農学部演習林報告"}]}]},"item_4_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The maple aphid, Periphyllus californiensis, lives on maple trees the whole year round. We observed populations of this aphid in Tanashi wood, a suburb of Tokyo, and tried to analyze the factors in determining the density. Four study plots were established in the wood, and five branches were chosen as sample branches from each of the 4-6 sample trees in each plot. Numbers of the aphid and its natural enemies were counted on the part of 40cm long from the top of the sample branch. 1. Larvae hatched from overwintered eggs in early March. Winged aphids dispersed in mid-April, and aestivating dimorphs were reproduced from April to May. The aestivating dimorphs monlted in mid-October. Winged aphids appeared again in mid-November, and produced wingless females that deposited eggs mostly in December. 2. The population had two peaks in a year; once in spring and once in autumn. The peak in spring was realized after the dispersal of winged aphids, but the populations suffered high mortality due to syrphids, mostly Epistrophe balteata, soon after the population reached to high levels. Syrphid larvae consumed a large number of aphids in a short time, and almost all the aphids on a sample tree disappeared soon after the syrphids appeared on the tree. The mortality due to syrphid larvae was caused density-dependently, and syrphids were considered to have played an important role in decreasing the aphid population to lower density levels. 3. The mortality of aestivating dimorphs in summer, reproduction after the dispersal of winged aphids, and the decrease in population density after the reproduction in autumn were all caused density-independently. The mortality of aestivating dimorphs in summer was especially high and the aphid populations in three out of the four study plots decreased to zero. However, after the dispersal of winged aphids in autumn, populations were restored again in all the plots. 4. The aphid lived mostly on inflorescences or key fruits during the period from dispersal of winged aphid in spring to just before the dispersal of winged aphid in autumn, and the aphid lived on leaves in autumn and lived on buds or young shoots in spring before dispersal. Thus, though the aphid infests maple trees the whole year round, it utilized different parts of the host tree at different stages in its life-cycle. This suggests that the best reproduction and development of the aphid is realized on some certain part of the tree which changes seasonelly. The dispersal of winged aphids seems to contribute to find the most suitable place for reproduction and development.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"モミジニタイケアブラムシ（Periphyllus californiensis）はカエデ類に寄生するアブラムシで，寄主交代はしない。本種の個体群を野外で観察し，その生活史を追跡するとともに，密度が決定される過程を解析した。調査は東京都下，東京大学演習林田無試験地内に設定した4調査区で行なった。このうち2調査区はオオモミジに，他の2調査区はイロハモミジに設定したものである。アブラムシと天敵類の個体数は，調査区を構成する4～6本のカエデについて，各5本の枝の枝先40cmの部分にいるものを直接観察で数えた。その結果である。1．本種は3月上旬にふ化し，4月中旬に有翅虫による分散が見られ，4～5月に越夏型1齢幼虫が産みつけられた。越夏型1齢幼虫は10月中旬に脱皮し，発育を再開したが，11月中旬に有翅虫が分散し，有性虫による産卵は主として12月に見られた。2．本種は4月と11月にピークをもつ2山型の発生経過をとり，4月のピークは有翅虫の分散後に見られた。しかし，主としてホソヒラタアブ（Epistroph balteata）による捕食によって，個体数は急激に減少した。ホソヒラタアブなどのヒラタアブ類幼虫はアブラムシ密度の高い木に多く見られ，1頭あたりの捕食量が大きく，かつ短かい期間に発育を完了することもあり，ほとんどすべてのアブラムシを食いつくした。この死亡は密度依存的にひき起こされており，ヒラタアブ類はモミジニタイケアブラムシの密度を制御するうえで重要なものであると判断された。3．越夏型1齢幼虫の死亡，秋の有翅虫の分散後の増殖とその後の個体数の減少はアブラムシの密度に依存しない経過をとっていた。越夏型1齢幼虫の死亡率は高く，3調査区では絶滅するほどに密度が低下したが，秋の分散を経て再び個体群が形成された。4．春の分散後，秋の分散が始まるまでの間は本種は主として花序や翅果上に，秋の分散後，春の分散までの間は芽や葉に多く寄生しているのが観察された。このように本種は1年間を通してカエデ樹上に生活するとはいえ，発育に応じて主たる寄生部位を変更しており，したがってその増殖と発育に適した部位は樹体内の限られた部分であり，しかもその部位はアブラムシの生活史に応じて季節的に変化することが示唆された。有翅虫の飛行分散はこのような好適な寄生の場を求めて行なわれていると考えられる。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_4_full_name_3":{"attribute_name":"著者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"55609","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}],"names":[{"name":"古田, 公人"}]},{"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"55610","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}],"names":[{"name":"坂本, 二郎"}]}]},"item_4_publisher_20":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科附属演習林"}]},"item_4_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00162451","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_4_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"03716007","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_4_subject_15":{"attribute_name":"日本十進分類法","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"610","subitem_subject_scheme":"NDC"}]},"item_4_text_21":{"attribute_name":"出版者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"The Tokyo University Forests"}]},"item_4_text_4":{"attribute_name":"著者所属","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"東京大学農学部林学科"},{"subitem_text_value":"協和醗酵工業株式会社"},{"subitem_text_value":"Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tokyo"},{"subitem_text_value":"Kyowa Hakko Kogro Co. LTD."}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"FURUTA, Kimito"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"55607","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"SAKAMOTO, Niro"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"55608","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2017-06-12"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"esrh073002.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"891.7 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"esrh073002.pdf","url":"https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/25609/files/esrh073002.pdf"},"version_id":"d8504f56-d116-44cb-b292-b39367fd239b"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Seasonal fluctuation of population density of the maple aphid (Periphyllus californiensis SHINJI; Hom., Aphididae)","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Seasonal fluctuation of population density of the maple aphid (Periphyllus californiensis SHINJI; Hom., Aphididae)"}]},"item_type_id":"4","owner":"1","path":["2596","2595"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2014-09-03"},"publish_date":"2014-09-03","publish_status":"0","recid":"25609","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Seasonal fluctuation of population density of the maple aphid (Periphyllus californiensis SHINJI; Hom., Aphididae)"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":null},"updated":"2022-12-19T04:03:48.598229+00:00"}