{"created":"2021-03-01T07:12:20.838257+00:00","id":51187,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"7e969e4f-6cbe-4de8-bdac-816c786de43a"},"_deposit":{"id":"51187","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"51187"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00051187","sets":["23:3252:3253:7917:7918","9:504:3256:7919:7920"]},"item_4_alternative_title_1":{"attribute_name":"その他のタイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_alternative_title":"非単称命題における単称思想 : 認知言語学的観点から"}]},"item_4_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2018-09-30","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"TULIP","bibliographicPageEnd":"227","bibliographicPageStart":"211","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"40","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"東京大学言語学論集 = Tokyo University linguistic papers (TULIP)"}]}]},"item_4_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The Fregean ‘sense’, originally proposed to account for the cognitive significance of identity statements like ‘Superman is identical with Clark Kent’, lends support to descriptivism, according to which our view of the world would be entirely qualitative. This view seems to be supported by what is called the simple sentence puzzle. Given that Superman is Clark Kent, ‘Superman leaps more tall buildings than Clark Kent’ would be equivalent to ‘Superman leaps more tall buildings than Superman’, an absurd proposition. This puzzle can be solved by assuming that ‘Superman leaps more tall buildings than Clark Kent’ expresses a proposition about different aspects of the same individual, rather than a singular proposition. The fact that even unenlightened speakers (speakers who are not aware of the identity between Superman and Clark Kent) can ascribe the same truth-value to the sentence as enlightened speakers do suggests that it is in principle possible to access aspects directly. On this view, the meaning of proper names is essentially object-independent, as descriptivism claims. This paper will reject descriptivism by showing, drawing on the cognitive linguistic framework, that the same truth-conditional content expressed by ‘Superman leaps more tall buildings than Clark Kent’ is construed differently by enlightened and unenlightened speakers. Enlightened speakers construe Superman and Clark Kent as two aspects of an individual, whereas unenlightened speakers construe them as two distinct individuals. Thus, whether enlightened or not, speakers must entertain a singular thought to understand the complete content of the sentence, as against descriptivism. This view enables us to define the meaning of identity statements without evoking Fregean senses, hence in an individual-dependent manner. As a basic cognitive ability, singular thought is indispensable for a proper understanding of non-singular propositions such as ‘Superman is identical with Clark Kent’ or ‘Superman leaps more tall buildings than Clark Kent’.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"},{"subitem_description":"「スーパーマンはクラーク・ケントだ」のような同一性文の有意味性を説明するために導入されたフレーゲ的「意義」は、「世界は対象ではなく性質のみから成り立っている」という強い記述主義を帰結しうる。記述主義はいわゆる単文のパズルによって補強される。「スーパーマン = クラーク・ケントだ」と「スーパーマンはクラーク・ケントより多くの高いビルを飛び越える」を認めると、「スーパーマンはスーパーマンより多くの高いビルを飛び越える」が帰結するはずであるが、実際にはそのようなことはない。このパズルの有力な解決案として、「スーパーマンはクラーク・ケントより多くの高いビルを飛び越える」に登場する二つの固有名詞は個体ではなくアスペクトを指す(それゆえ個体レベルで同一だからと言って両者を入れ替えることはできない)とするものがある。個体レベルの同一性「スーパーマン = クラーク・ケント」を知らない話者でもこの文の真理条件を正しく理解できるという事実は、固有名詞が個体を経ることなく直接アスペクトを指すことができることを物語っている。これは世界が個体ではなく性質から成っているという強い記述主義の考え方と整合的である。この論文では、「スーパーマン = クラーク・ケント」を知っている話者と知らない話者とでは「スーパーマンはクラーク・ケントより多くの高いビルを飛び越える」という文の捉え方が異なることを示すことにより、強い記述主義を退ける。「スーパーマン = クラーク・ケント」を知っている話者はスーパーマンとクラーク・ケントを同一個体の異なるアスペクトとして捉えているのに対して、両者の同一性を知らない話者はそれらを異なる個体として捉えている。それゆえ、どちらの認識的状態にあろうとも、「スーパーマンはクラーク・ケントより多くの高いビルを飛び越える」という文の捉え方の中には、個体に関する思考(単称思想)が含まれていることになる。この考え方を応用することで、「スーパーマン = クラーク・ケント」の認識価値をフレーゲ的意義に訴えることなく説明することが可能になる。文の真理条件だけでなく捉え方まで考慮するならば、「スーパーマン = クラーク・ケント」や「スーパーマンはクラーク・ケントより多くの高いビルを飛び越える」のような非単称命題の理解においても、単称思想が不可欠である。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_4_description_6":{"attribute_name":"内容記述","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"論文 Articles","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_4_full_name_3":{"attribute_name":"著者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"152240","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}],"names":[{"name":"酒井, 智宏"}]}]},"item_4_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15083/00076308","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_4_publisher_20":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科・文学部言語学研究室"}]},"item_4_select_14":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"publisher"}]},"item_4_source_id_10":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN10148796","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_4_source_id_8":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"13458663","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_4_text_21":{"attribute_name":"出版者別名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"Department of Linguistics, Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, Faculty of Letters, The University of Tokyo"}]},"item_4_text_4":{"attribute_name":"著者所属","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"早稲田大学"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"SAKAI, Tomohiro"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"152239","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2018-10-09"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"ggr040012.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"845.0 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"ggr040012.pdf","url":"https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/51187/files/ggr040012.pdf"},"version_id":"b31a43e3-e2dd-4e13-8a9a-d3e987c0d810"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"sense","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"reference","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"singular thought","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"construal","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"cognitive linguistics","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"意義","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"意味","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"単称思想","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"捉え方","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"認知言語学","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"Singular Thought in Non-Singular Propositions: A Cognitive Linguistic Perspective","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Singular Thought in Non-Singular Propositions: A Cognitive Linguistic Perspective"}]},"item_type_id":"4","owner":"1","path":["7920","7918"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2018-10-09"},"publish_date":"2018-10-09","publish_status":"0","recid":"51187","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Singular Thought in Non-Singular Propositions: A Cognitive Linguistic Perspective"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":null},"updated":"2022-12-19T04:27:14.284575+00:00"}