{"_buckets": {"deposit": "3c266371-e33f-4377-a188-001137ed6cfe"}, "_deposit": {"id": "42143", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "42143"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00042143"}, "item_8_biblio_info_7": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "2009-10", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "CIRJE-F-683", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "Discussion paper series. CIRJE-F"}]}]}, "item_8_description_13": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30c3\u30c8", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "application/pdf", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_8_description_5": {"attribute_name": "\u6284\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "The internal models amendment to the Basel Accord allows banks to use internal models to forecast Value-at-Risk (VaR) thresholds, which are used to calculate the required capital that banks must hold in reserve as a protection against negative changes in the value of their trading portfolios. As capital reserves lead to an opportunity cost to banks, it is likely that banks could be tempted to use models that underpredict risk, and hence lead to low capital charges. In order to avoid this problem the Basel Accord introduced a backtesting procedure, whereby banks using models that led to excessive violations are penalised through higher capital charges. This paper investigates the performance of five popular volatility models that can be used to forecast VaR thresholds under a variety of distributional assumptions. The results suggest that, within the current constraints and the penalty structure of the Basel Accord, the lowest capital charges arise when using models that lead to excessive violations, thereby suggesting the current penalty structure is not severe enough to control risk management. In addition, an alternative penalty structure is suggested to be more effective in aligning the interests of banks and regulators.", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_8_description_6": {"attribute_name": "\u5185\u5bb9\u8a18\u8ff0", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "\u672c\u6587\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u306f\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u5148\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u306e\u3053\u3068", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_8_publisher_20": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "\u65e5\u672c\u7d4c\u6e08\u56fd\u969b\u5171\u540c\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc"}]}, "item_8_relation_25": {"attribute_name": "\u95a2\u4fc2URI", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_relation_type_id": {"subitem_relation_type_id_text": "http://www.cirje.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/research/dp/2009/2009cf683ab.html", "subitem_relation_type_select": "URI"}}]}, "item_8_source_id_10": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9ID", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "AA11450569", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "NCID"}]}, "item_8_subject_15": {"attribute_name": "\u65e5\u672c\u5341\u9032\u5206\u985e\u6cd5", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_subject": "335", "subitem_subject_scheme": "NDC"}]}, "item_8_text_21": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005\u5225\u540d", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Center for International Research on the Japanese Economy"}]}, "item_8_text_34": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Discussion Paper"}]}, "item_8_text_4": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u6240\u5c5e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "School of Economics and Finance Curtin University of Technology"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Econometrics Institute Erasmus School of Economics Erasmus University Rotterdam"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Tinbergen Institute The Netherlands"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Center for International Research on the Japanese Economy (CIRJE) Faculty of Economics University of Tokyo"}]}, "item_access_right": {"attribute_name": "\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u6a29", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_access_right": "metadata only access", "subitem_access_right_uri": "http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "da, Veiga  Bernardo"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "96997", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Chan, Felix"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "96998", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "McAleer, Michael"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "96999", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_keyword": {"attribute_name": "\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_subject": "Value-at-Risk (VaR)", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "GARCH", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "risk management", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "violations", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "forecasting", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "simulations", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "Basel Accord penalties", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "JEL Classifications: G32, G11, G17, C53, C22.", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "\u8a00\u8a9e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "eng"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "technical report", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18gh"}]}, "item_title": "It Pays to Violate: How Effective are the Basel Accord Penalties?", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "It Pays to Violate: How Effective are the Basel Accord Penalties?"}]}, "item_type_id": "8", "owner": "1", "path": ["9/7435/7436", "62/7433/7434"], "permalink_uri": "http://hdl.handle.net/2261/32449", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_value": "2013-05-31"}, "publish_date": "2013-05-31", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "42143", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["It Pays to Violate: How Effective are the Basel Accord Penalties?"], "weko_shared_id": null}