{"_buckets": {"deposit": "04a558be-11a1-4935-bdc4-d3c9899e0a59"}, "_deposit": {"id": "53477", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "53477"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00053477"}, "item_4_alternative_title_1": {"attribute_name": "\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_alternative_title": "Cross-generational Formant Analysis of Tokyo Japanese"}]}, "item_4_biblio_info_7": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "2019-09-30", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicIssueNumber": "TULIP", "bibliographicPageEnd": "340", "bibliographicPageStart": "329", "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "41", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u8ad6\u96c6 = Tokyo University linguistic papers (TULIP)"}]}]}, "item_4_description_5": {"attribute_name": "\u6284\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "\u3053\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u4e16\u4ee3\u306e\u6771\u4eac\u51fa\u8eab\u8005\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6bcd\u97f3\u306e\u767a\u97f3\u306b\u4e16\u4ee3\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6307\u6458\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u306f\u300e\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u8a71\u3057\u8a00\u8449\u30b3\u30fc\u30d1\u30b9\u300f\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u751f\u5e74\u4ee3\u304c\u7d0430 \u5e74\u96e2\u308c\u305f\u6771\u4eac\u51fa\u8eab\u306e\u9ad8\u5e74\u5c64\u7537\u60279 \u4eba\u3068\u82e5\u5e74\u5c64\u7537\u602710 \u4eba\u3092\u9078\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u6bcd\u97f3\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u8a08\u6e2c\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305fF1\u30fbF2\u30fbF3 \u306e\u8a08\u6e2c\u5024\u306b\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u9593\u3067\u6709\u610f\u306a\u5dee\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5206\u6563\u5206\u6790\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306b\u691c\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u4e16\u4ee3\u9593\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8eab\u9577\u5dee\uff08\u58f0\u9053\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306e\u5dee\uff09\u304c\u3042\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3082\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u306b\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u306e\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u65bd\u3057\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u691c\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u8a08\u6e2c\u5024\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u5f8c\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u6709\u610f\u5dee\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30a4\u3068\u30a8\u306eF2 \u306b\u306f\u4e16\u4ee3\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u5224\u65ad\u3067\u304d\u3001\u3053\u308c\u30892 \u3064\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u82e5\u5e74\u5c64\u306eF2 \u304c\u76f8\u5bfe\u7684\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u524d\u820c\u6bcd\u97f3\u306e\u4e2d\u820c\u5316\u304c\u9032\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}, {"subitem_description": "The present paper examines the formants of the five vowels (/i/ , /e/ , /a/ , /o/ and /u/) of Tokyo Japanese, and reveals that the F2 values for the two front vowels (/i/ and /e/) are significantly smaller in the younger generation than in the older generation. We analyzed the speech and transcripts of male Tokyo Japanese native speakers contained in NINJAL\u0027s \"Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese.\" The speakers are categorized into two groups: 9 older speakers born between 1930 and 1944, and 10 younger speakers born between 1975 and 1984. The author measured F1, F2 and F3 values for the 818 tokens that met conditions, such as undisrupted phonation. To test if the formant values of the two generation groups are statistically different, ANOVA (analysis of variance) was conducted first on the raw data, and then on the normalized data on the supposition that the two cohorts had significantly different vocal tract lengths. Both ANOVA analyses indicate that the F2 values for /i/ and /e/ are significantly smaller in the younger generation. The present article concludes that the front vowels are in the process of unfronting or centralizing.", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_4_description_6": {"attribute_name": "\u5185\u5bb9\u8a18\u8ff0", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "\u8ad6\u6587 Articles", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_4_full_name_3": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u5225\u540d", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "158744", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}], "names": [{"name": "WAKIDA, Yoshiyuki"}]}]}, "item_4_identifier_registration": {"attribute_name": "ID\u767b\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_identifier_reg_text": "10.15083/00078594", "subitem_identifier_reg_type": "JaLC"}]}, "item_4_publisher_20": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u30fb\u6587\u5b66\u90e8\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5ba4"}]}, "item_4_select_14": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u7248\u30d5\u30e9\u30b0", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_select_item": "publisher"}]}, "item_4_source_id_10": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9ID", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "AN10148796", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "NCID"}]}, "item_4_source_id_8": {"attribute_name": "ISSN", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "13458663", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_4_text_21": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005\u5225\u540d", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Department of Linguistics, Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, Faculty of Letters, The University of Tokyo"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "\u8107\u7530, \u4f73\u5e78"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "158743", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_files": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_type": "file", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"accessrole": "open_date", "date": [{"dateType": "Available", "dateValue": "2019-10-23"}], "displaytype": "detail", "download_preview_message": "", "file_order": 0, "filename": "ggr041018.pdf", "filesize": [{"value": "1.2 MB"}], "format": "application/pdf", "future_date_message": "", "is_thumbnail": false, "licensetype": "license_free", "mimetype": "application/pdf", "size": 1200000.0, "url": {"label": "ggr041018.pdf", "url": "https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/53477/files/ggr041018.pdf"}, "version_id": "f066123c-16bc-467b-8e49-7c533598549a"}]}, "item_keyword": {"attribute_name": "\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_subject": "\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "\u6bcd\u97f3", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "\u767a\u97f3", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "\u4e16\u4ee3", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u30c8", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "\u5909\u5316", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "Japanese", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "Vowel", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "Pronunciation", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "Generation", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "Formantanalysis", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}, {"subitem_subject": "Soundchange", "subitem_subject_scheme": "Other"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "\u8a00\u8a9e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "jpn"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "departmental bulletin paper", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]}, "item_title": "\u6771\u4eac\u51fa\u8eab\u8005\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u9593\u6bd4\u8f03", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "\u6771\u4eac\u51fa\u8eab\u8005\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u9593\u6bd4\u8f03"}]}, "item_type_id": "4", "owner": "1", "path": ["9/504/3256/8271/8272", "23/3252/3253/8269/8270"], "permalink_uri": "https://doi.org/10.15083/00078594", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_value": "2019-10-23"}, "publish_date": "2019-10-23", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "53477", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["\u6771\u4eac\u51fa\u8eab\u8005\u306e\u6bcd\u97f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30de\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u9593\u6bd4\u8f03"], "weko_shared_id": null}