{"_buckets": {"deposit": "ab564a9c-0c9e-4e2f-aa41-1f30de70f861"}, "_deposit": {"id": "872", "owners": [], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "872"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp:00000872"}, "item_2_biblio_info_7": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"bibliographicIssueDates": {"bibliographicIssueDate": "2002-02-01", "bibliographicIssueDateType": "Issued"}, "bibliographicIssueNumber": "3", "bibliographicPageEnd": "460", "bibliographicPageStart": "441", "bibliographicVolumeNumber": "59", "bibliographic_titles": [{"bibliographic_title": "Journal of the atmospheric sciences"}]}]}, "item_2_description_5": {"attribute_name": "\u6284\u9332", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "The determination of an accurate quantitative understanding of the role of tropospheric aerosols in the earth\u0027s radiation budget is extremely important because forcing by anthropogenic aerosols presently represents one of the most uncertain aspects of climate models. Here the authors present a systematic comparison of three different analyses of satellite-retrieved aerosol optical depth based on the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)-measured radiances with optical depths derived from six different models. Also compared are the model-derived clear-sky reflected shortwave radiation with satellite-measured reflectivities derived from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) satellite. The three different satellite-derived optical depths differ by between -0.10 and 0.07 optical depth units in comparison to the average of the three analyses depending on latitude and month, but the general features of the retrievals are similar. The models differ by between -0.09 and +0.16 optical depth units from the average of the models. Differences between the average of the models and the average of the satellite analyses range over -0.11 to +0.05 optical depth units. These differences are significant since the annual average clear-sky radiative forcing associated with the difference between the average of the models and the average of the satellite analyses ranges between -3.9 and 0.7 W m-2 depending on latitude and is -1.7 W m-2 on a global average annual basis. Variations in the source strengths of dimethylsulfide-derived aerosols and sea salt aerosols can explain differences between the models, and between the models and satellite retrievals of up to 0.2 optical depth units. The comparison of model-generated reflected shortwave radiation and ERBE-measured shortwave radiation is similar in character as a function of latitude to the analysis of modeled and satellite-retrieved optical depths, but the differences between the modeled clear-sky reflected flux and the ERBE clear-sky reflected flux is generally larger than that inferred from the difference between the models and the AVHRR optical depths, especially at high latitudes. The difference between the mean of the models and the ERBE-analyzed clear-sky flux is 1.6 W m-2. The overall comparison indicates that the model-generated aerosol optical depth is systematically lower than that inferred from measurements between the latitudes of 10\u00b0 and 30\u00b0S. It is not likely that the shortfall is due to small values of the sea salt optical depth because increases in this component would create modeled optical depths that are larger than those from satellites in the region north of 30\u00b0N and near 50\u00b0S. Instead, the source strengths for DMS and biomass aerosols in the models may be too low. Firm conclusions, however, will require better retrieval procedures for the satellites, including better cloud screening procedures, further improvement of the model\u0027s treatment of aerosol transport and removal, and a better determination of aerosol source strengths.", "subitem_description_type": "Abstract"}]}, "item_2_publisher_20": {"attribute_name": "\u51fa\u7248\u8005", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_publisher": "American Meteorological Society"}]}, "item_2_relation_11": {"attribute_name": "DOI", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_relation_type_id": {"subitem_relation_type_id_text": "info:doi/10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059\u003c0441:ACOMAS\u003e2.0.CO;2", "subitem_relation_type_select": "DOI"}}]}, "item_2_relation_26": {"attribute_name": "\u7570\u7248\u3067\u3042\u308b", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_relation_type": "isVersionOf", "subitem_relation_type_id": {"subitem_relation_type_id_text": "http://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059\u003c0441:ACOMAS\u003e2.0.CO;2", "subitem_relation_type_select": "URI"}}]}, "item_2_rights_12": {"attribute_name": "\u6a29\u5229", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_rights": "\u00a9 Copyright 2002 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be \u201cfair use\u201d under Section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 USC \u00a7108, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the AMS\u2019s permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form, such as on a web site or in a searchable database, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statement, requires written permission or a license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policy, available on the AMS Web site located at (http://www.ametsoc.org/) or from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or copyright@ametsoc.org."}]}, "item_2_source_id_10": {"attribute_name": "\u66f8\u8a8c\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9ID", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "AA00693875", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "NCID"}]}, "item_2_source_id_8": {"attribute_name": "ISSN", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_source_identifier": "00224928", "subitem_source_identifier_type": "ISSN"}]}, "item_2_subject_15": {"attribute_name": "\u65e5\u672c\u5341\u9032\u5206\u985e\u6cd5", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_subject": "451", "subitem_subject_scheme": "NDC"}]}, "item_2_text_34": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Journal Article"}]}, "item_2_text_4": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005\u6240\u5c5e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_text_value": "Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences, University of Michigan"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Goddard Space Flight Center"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Atmospheric Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Max Planck Institute for Meteorology"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Goddard Institute for Space Studies"}, {"subitem_text_value": "National Institute of Environmental Studies"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Dalhousie University"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Center for Climate System Research, The University of Tokyo"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\u00e0 de L\u0027Aquila"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University"}, {"subitem_text_value": "Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry"}, {"subitem_text_value": "NOAA/NESDIS, Office of Research and Applications, Satellite Research Laboratory"}]}, "item_creator": {"attribute_name": "\u8457\u8005", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Penner, Joyce E."}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3358", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Zhang, Sophia Y."}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3359", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Chin, Mian"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3360", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Chuang, Catherine C."}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3361", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Feichter, Johann"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3362", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Feng, Yan"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3363", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Geogdzhayev, Igor V."}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3364", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Ginoux, Paul"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3365", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Herzog, Michael"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3366", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Higurashi, Akiko"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3367", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Koch, Dorothy"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3368", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Land, Christine"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3369", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Lohmann, Ulrike"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3370", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Mishchenko, Michael"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3371", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Nakajima, Teruyuki"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3372", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Pitari, Giovanni"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3373", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Soden, Brian"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3374", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Tegen, Ina"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3375", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}, {"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "Stowe, Lawrence"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "3376", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_files": {"attribute_name": "\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u60c5\u5831", "attribute_type": "file", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"accessrole": "open_date", "date": [{"dateType": "Available", "dateValue": "2017-05-30"}], "displaytype": "detail", "download_preview_message": "", "file_order": 0, "filename": "Nakajima2002JAS_H24P77.pdf", "filesize": [{"value": "993.7 kB"}], "format": "application/pdf", "future_date_message": "", "is_thumbnail": false, "licensetype": "license_free", "mimetype": "application/pdf", "size": 993700.0, "url": {"label": "Nakajima2002JAS_H24P77.pdf", "url": "https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/872/files/Nakajima2002JAS_H24P77.pdf"}, "version_id": "8655c680-dec7-43a5-b5f2-b6b092bede0a"}]}, "item_language": {"attribute_name": "\u8a00\u8a9e", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_language": "eng"}]}, "item_resource_type": {"attribute_name": "\u8cc7\u6e90\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"resourcetype": "journal article", "resourceuri": "http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]}, "item_title": "A Comparison of Model- and Satellite-Derived Aerosal Optical Depth and Reflectivity", "item_titles": {"attribute_name": "\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_title": "A Comparison of Model- and Satellite-Derived Aerosal Optical Depth and Reflectivity"}]}, "item_type_id": "2", "owner": "1", "path": ["9/10/11", "40/117/118"], "permalink_uri": "http://hdl.handle.net/2261/51870", "pubdate": {"attribute_name": "\u516c\u958b\u65e5", "attribute_value": "2017-01-10"}, "publish_date": "2017-01-10", "publish_status": "0", "recid": "872", "relation": {}, "relation_version_is_last": true, "title": ["A Comparison of Model- and Satellite-Derived Aerosal Optical Depth and Reflectivity"], "weko_shared_id": null}